According to the concept of the French architect
Etienne Bouchard, the building should have resembled the royal palaces-castles,
built during the 16th-19th centuries. Along the banks of the Loire. The palace
was completed for Emperor Alexander III, although he did not manage to see the
palace in its final form. At the request of his son, Nicholas II, the
construction of the palace was completed and in memory of his father the palace
retained his name. Marsand was once a Greek village, whose inhabitants in 1778
were relocated to Mariupol district.
Upper Massandra was the role of a kind of
landscape reserve. Luxury hay meadows with vast terraces climbed to the very
bottom of the mountains, deciduous forests alternated with pine, juniper and
yew trees. On their background, the picturesque gray cliffs of rocks with
mysterious stone grottoes stood out. The park was formed gradually by replacing
the local oak and hornbeam plantations with imported exotic trees and shrubs,
among which are boxwood, yew berry, pine, and catalpa.
The territory of Massandra has been inhabited since ancient times.
Archaeologists have discovered the remains of the Taurus settlement and the
ruins of medieval temples of the 14th-15th centuries. In ancient times a
settlement appeared here, when it was not exactly established, but apparently
not before the XV or the beginning of the XVI centuries. Next to the source of
Ai-Yan (St. John), the Greeks built a church in the name of the Nativity of
John the Baptist. And although after the exit of Christians from Crimea, the
temple was destroyed by the Tatars, the remaining Greeks came here on July 24
on the day of the Nativity of John the Baptist and performed divine services.
In the imperative leaf of the khan of Crimea-Giray for 1782 there are mentioned
the abandoned Greek villages "Marsanda" and "Mgarash". By
the time the Crimea joined Russia, the area was a ruin, overgrown with forests
and wild vines. Academician P.S. Pallas, having traveled across the Crimea in
1793-1794, describes the abandoned lands of the Greek village of Marsand, whose
inhabitants in 1778 were relocated to Mariupol county.
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| The western facade of the palace is facing towards Yalta |
From the site the palace has a beautiful view of the vast expanses of
the sea, the Yalta Bay and the mountain chain towering above it with the peak
of Ai-Petri.
In the central part of the stalls, opposite the
palace - a large flat pool with fountains, at the entrance a stone fence with a
balustrade and two sphinxes.
Stone carved
columns with a stylized torch-like finish. Obviously, the columns were intended
to strengthen the light lanterns.
Different in
height figured roofs, smoke and ventilation pipes of a complex profile,
stone-carved pediments, platbands, cartouches, vases make up the complex
decoration of the facade and create its unique appearance.
In the decoration of the facades, the architect used the Metlakh tile.
The palace
served as the hunting house of the Romanovs. The interior of the house was very
modest, no economic buildings, except for the guard house, was not supposed.
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